Why is this the case despite the fact that the incisions, usually anchor shaped, are often identical?

The reason is that women who are seeking breast reduction surgery are doing so because of the annoying and even debilitating effects that their massively enlarged breasts are having on them and their quality of life.  Women seeking a mastopexy are doing so largely for aesthetic reasons.

Does this mean that the appearance of the scars is relatively unimportant?

Of course not!

I am just as diligent and meticulous in the repair of breast reduction incisions as I am with the mastopexy ones (as well as for all incisions for all procedures). These are closed using long acting deep sutures in a multilayered repair that avoids the unnecessary and displeasing rail-road track suture marks in the skin. Skin tapes are applied for additional wound support and security and may be used for a total of two to three weeks. At that point in time, my patients will usually begin applying a topical silicone gel to help the scars heal as ideally and inconspicuously as possible. This is usually continued for several months. For patients at higher risk for developing hypertrophic scars or keloids or showing early evidence of their manifestation, silicone gel sheets are used to aggressively deal with these issues.

Most breast reduction scars heal very well, usually as fine lines, and are quite acceptable. It is rare in my experience to see keloids develop in darker complected women.

Before breast reduction

After breast reduction

Before breast reduction

After breast reduction

If you would like more information on a breast reduction surgery or on any other plastic surgery procedure that I perform or to schedule a consultation with me, please call my office at 480-451-3000.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona

What can be done to either recoup or obtain that youthful, perky and sexually attractive shape?

Clearly, a breast lift (mastopexy) with or without implants (breast augmentation) will provide the rejuvenation of the breasts with lifting, recontouring, tightening and even adding volume. This can be facilitated employing incisions that range either from one just around the areola to an anchor shape one that also involves a vertical and horizontal component. Unfortunately, many women are very apprehensive about these incisions which ultimate become “scars” and want to avoid them at all costs.

A question that I am frequently asked and which many women have as also evidenced by myriad postings online is: “Can I just get much bigger implants to avoid having to do a breast lift?”

Often, women either know other women who have pursued this approach or they were told this in consultation with other physicians, many who either didn’t have the experience, sensibility or training regarding this issue or lowered their standards in order to “close the deal” and perform the surgery. It is unfortunate that these physicians, quite often not plastic surgeons, wouldn’t do what was in the best interest of their patients just to make a buck (or lots of bucks).

Personally, I will either do what is right for my patients or won’t perform the surgery. It’s all about principles. Period!

Now, why is placing too large an implant in the breast in order to avoid having to do a breast lift a very bad idea?

Let me explain this briefly. The skin is already thin (or thinner) with decreased elasticity (stretchiness) with breast ptosis. Placing an even larger implant than is ideal will stretch out and thin the skin even more. Added to this, many of these physicians recommend that the best way to counter the drooping breast skin is to directly stretch it out by placing the implants above the muscle. What eventuates is that the breasts descend at a more accelerated pace lower on the chest and abdominal wall. The granny breast caricature (no offense to grandmothers)!

Not a pretty picture!

Ultimately, the only treatment of this would be a complex reconstruction that would require an anchor shaped scar (which may or may not have been originally recommended) and possibly one or two procedures. The skin will be much thinner and less elastic than it would have been had the appropriate procedure been performed initially. The final outcome, after spending at least double or more the amount of money than it would have originally cost, will always be significantly inferior to what it could and should have been. Add to this the extra down time, discomfort, inconvenience, etc. and you should easily conclude that not pursuing the correct procedure was a very poor choice.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona

The goal for a mastopexy should be to sculpture a natural appearing breast with a conical shape where the nipple-areola complex is situated at the most projecting portion of the breast. Significant deviations from this detract from the result and can lead to understandable dissatisfaction with the outcome. The technique that provides the most flexibility and precision for contouring and rejuvenating the breast three dimensionally as well as appropriately positioning the nipple-areola complex is the anchor shaped approach.

With the periareolar technique(also known as circumareolar, donut or purse string mastopexy), the lift, contouring, removal of excess skin and repositioning of the nipple-areola complex are all performed by essentially creating a donut shaped defect and purse stringing it closed. Clearly, this doesn’t allow for nuanced three dimensional correction. Furthermore, it creates an abnormal flatness precisely where one isn’t desired – where the nipple-areola complex is located and where the most projecting part of the breast should be. Common sequelae of the donut mastopexy are also wide, dysaesthetic scars, abnormally shaped and flattened areola and the appearance of pleats emanating from the areola outwards.

A vivid illustration of these issues can be seen in the photos below of a 36 year old woman who sought my help in consultation for the correction of her suboptimal results. She had undergone a periareolar mastopexy with implants by another plastic surgeon and was extremely unhappy with the outcome. Particularly problematic for her were the prominent scars, irregularities of the areolas and the overall breast shape. Had an anchor shaped scar mastopexy been chosen and performed well, it is highly probable that the outcome would have been far superior.

The results of a periareolar mastopexy performed by another plastic surgeon. The scars around the surgically deformed areola are extremely prominent, wide and unacceptable. Note the pleating effect - lines in the skin radiating outwards from the areola.

The scars from the donut mastopexy are quite apparent from virtually all angles. The flattening effect created by the purse string technique is well delineated in the right breast in this view. Rather than having a perky, conical shaped breast the result here is an abnormal, flattened, underprojecting one.

Unattractive and unacceptable scars on left breast from the donut mastopexy

Associated donut mastopexy scars on right breast

If you have any questions regarding breast lifts with or without a breast augmentation or on any other plastic surgery procedure that I perform or if you would like to schedule a complimentary consultation with me, please call my office at 480-451-3000.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona

Most of the time, the answer to this is fairly obvious. If you find that your droopy breasts are smaller than you ultimately want them to be, then undergoing a breast augmentation at the same time would provide you with the means to be larger. On the other, if you feel that your saggy breasts are already bigger than you ultimately want to be, then there is no need for breast implants and instead, a removal of breast tissue would be in order. (Note: When your breasts are extremely large in addition to being droopy, the appropriate procedure to correct this is a breast reduction – of which a lift is an inherent component.)

It is the middle ground, where you breasts appear to be somewhat in the size range that you would like them to be, that the need for breast implants is unclear. Because: a.) a mastopexy involves making the breast tighter, denser and smaller as well as the removal of a variable amount of tissue  b.) most women would like more fullness at the upper pole (top part) of their breasts and c.) most women would rather be a little larger than smaller … I find that inserting even a relative small breast implant works wonders for the ultimate result.

It has been my experience in over twenty two years of plastic surgery practice that a vast majority of my patients undergoing a mastopexy also have a breast augmentation concurrently. The results are larger breasts with a fuller and more youthful shape and firmness as well as improved cleavage.

If you would like more information on a mastopexy, breast augmentation surgery, breast implants or on any other plastic surgery procedure that I perform or to schedule a free consultation with me, please call my office at 480-451-3000.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona

An overwhelming majority of board certified plastic surgeons perform breast augmentations, breast revision surgery and breast lifts using general anesthesia in certified facilities such as outpatient centers and hospitals, using anesthesiologists – doctors whose specialty is providing anesthesia safely and effectively. It is a far more pleasant experience and overwhelmingly safe given everything else being equal.

Furthermore, in most of the situations where the twilight anesthesia (sedation with local anesthesia) is used, it is administered either by the operating doctor, a nurse anesthetist, a standard nurse or even worse, one of the physician’s office employees and is performed in an office. Quite a contrast in terms of safety, quality, standards and experience!

To compound the issue, more than likely the doctor performing the cosmetic breast surgery in these situations is not a board certified plastic surgeon. They may be an obstetrician-gynecologist, general surgeon or even a family practitioner or internist.

Would you really want these individuals who have not undergone long and rigorous training like plastic surgeons do performing your surgery?

I don’t think so!

If you have any questions regarding anesthesia and breast augmentations, breast lifts or breast revisions or on any other plastic surgery procedure that I perform or if you would like to schedule a complimentary consultation with me, please call my office at 480-451-3000.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona

1. size change – usually to increase the implant volume and therefore the breast size; rarely to decrease
2. to modify the breast configuration such as to make them more projecting or less wide
3. to switch from saline to silicone implants; rarely, silicone to saline
4. replace a ruptured breast implant
5. in the course of treating one of a variety of aesthetic breast issues such as drooping or capsular contracture, replacing older implants with newer ones.

The most common reason for implant exchange is that a woman is unhappy with the selected size and wants to be significantly larger. It is fairly infrequent to desire a smaller size and this is often due either to the surgeon placing a far too large implant initially or the patient gaining a considerable amount of weight resulting in a marked enlargement of breast tissue.

In my practice, it is fairly rare for my patients to desire a change their breast implant size and if they do, it is usually years later. Why can I keep this rate extremely low? When evaluating my patients in consultation, I listen carefully to exactly what they want or think they want. I also measure and size them in the office, have them try on a variety of implants, and show them photos of other patients to provide them with a greater understanding and visualization. During surgery, this is fine tuned, as I will employ temporary implants in order to assess the effects of various sizes and configurations.

By offering many different styles of breast implants, I can customize the appearance that would be most appropriate and desirable for my patients. For example, patients who are very narrow and desire significant projection would be best served with higher profile implants whereas women who are broad with a moderate amount of breast tissue present may benefit more from moderate profile implants. Many of the patients that I perform implant exchanges on were done elsewhere and indicated that they were never offered or explained the options.

It is essentially unanimous that women prefer the silicone implants over the saline ones as they feel similar to breast tissue. When switching between fill materials, virtually all go from saline to silicone whereas the opposite is almost never performed due to aesthetic issues.

If you would like more information on silicone or saline breast implants, breast augmentation, breast lifts or any other plastic surgery procedure that I perform or to schedule a consultation with me, you can call my office at 480-451-3000.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona

Having been in plastic surgery practice for over 22 years in Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona, I have long been involved and dealt with and witnessed the multitude of factors and issues regarding silicone and saline breast implants. Prior to 1992, my patients used silicone implants exclusively and were quite happy. During the period of the moratorium in which all my breast augmentation patients and some of my mastopexy and breast reconstruction patients utilized saline implants, I noted that the aesthetic results and level of satisfaction with the naturalness of outcome were decreased and compromised compared to results with silicone implants.

This sentiment came as no surprise. Why? Silicone breast implants feel very natural and “soft”, like breast tissue, so that when they are in place, it often is very difficult to discern their presence particularly for the non-professional. Saline implants, on the other hand, can often be detected, either by sight, feel or both. This is exacerbated in very thin patients who often have “rippling” seen through their skin. These issues and others such as deflations do detract from their popularity. In patients of mine who have had both types of breast implants, every single one of them preferred and were far more satisfied with the silicone ones.

In the more than 3 year period since the lifting of the moratorium on the usage of silicone breast implants, virtually none of my patients select saline implants for their breast surgery which translates to around 99% silicone usage. For the rare few who do, it is only because of the lower cost of the saline implants.

If you are interested in obtaining additional information on silicone or saline breast implants, breast augmentation, mastopexy or any other plastic surgery procedure that I perform or to schedule a consultation with me, you can contact my office at 480-451-3000.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona

Following pregnancy, many women lose some firmness, shape and volume of their breasts which may also become droopy and develop stretch marks. These changes can be further exacerbated by breast feeding with the duration and number of children affecting the outcome. A few women actually have a net increase in breast size though the shape and positioning usually suffer. Procedures that can effectively address these changes include a breast augmentation, breast lift with or without a breast enlargement and a breast reduction.

Permanent changes in the appearance of the abdomen following pregnancy are quite variable among women and are affected by a multitude of factors. The often is some residual degree of laxity of the skin and the underlying muscle layer along with changes in the distribution of fat. Cosmetic procedures that could improve the appearance of the abdomen include a mini tummy tuck, a standard tummy tuck (abdominoplasty) and liposuction. Liposuction can also be performed elsewhere including the hips, thighs, knees and even back.

The combination of the appropriate cosmetic procedures of the breast and abdomen with or without liposuction performed at one surgical setting constitutes the “Mommy Makeover”. Of course, other procedures such as eyelid surgery can be done at the same time if warranted and indicated. This rejuvenation of one’s body back to a more desirable shape can do wonders for your psyche, self-confidence and sense of attractiveness.

If you would like additional information on breast augmentation, breast lifts, liposuction, tummy tucks (abdominoplasty) other cosmetic surgery procedure that I perform or you would like to schedule a complimentary consultation, you can contact my office in Scottsdale at 480-451-3000.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona

She originally presented to the surgeon with drooping (ptosis) and wanting to be larger. The physician recommended a lollipop mastopexy to her without enumerating its pros and cons and did not discuss the much more commonly used inverted-T incision. (A lollipop mastopexy is a breast lift that involves an incision around the nipple-areola complex that then extends down to the breast fold but does not extend along this fold which is employed in the inverted-T technique.)

Her photos can be seen below on the left:

The patient's "lollipop" mastopexy performed by another surgeon. Note the flatness of the breast and droopy appearance with it hanging down well below the breast crease.

This is a mastopexy using a T-shaped (anchor) incision. Note the more pleasing and natural conical shape with greater projection and fullness.

Ignoring factors specifically related to the surgeon, her results also reflect the inherent deficiencies with a lollipop mastopexy. As I noted elsewhere (Periareolar Mastopexy: Sacrificing Shape for Less Incisions), the goal of a breast lift is to recreate a more conically shaped breast with the nipple-areola positioned at the most projecting part. The “standard” inverted-T or anchor shaped approach allows for the precise recontouring of the skin envelope in addition to the underlying breast tissue by utilizing a three dimensional approach. This also facilitates greater accuracy in the placement and size of the nipple-areola so as to create a well shaped aesthetically pleasing breast.

Though the lollipop mastopexy can provide a better shape than what can be obtained with the even more restrictive periareolar mastopexy, its shortcomings are obvious as you can see in these photos. Without being able to adequately remove most of the vertical skin excess that occurs with droopy breasts, the breast remains droopy and abnormally flat including at the nipple-areola complex. Volume that could be used to increase forward projection and yield a more conical shape is instead hanging down, well below the breast crease that is should remain largely above.

Similar to my sentiments regarding a periareolar mastopexy, it is my opinion that a lollipop mastopexy is rarely indicated except for limited situations involving very minor drooping. The tradeoffs in shape and position are too high a price to pay for most women versus the vastly superior results that can be obtained with an additional incision along the breast crease.

If you would like additional information on breast lifts, breast augmentation or any other cosmetic surgery procedure that I perform or you would like to schedule a complimentary consultation, you can contact my office at 480-451-3000.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona

1. Better ability to detect abnormalities on mammograms versus in front of the muscle (submammary)
2. Lower risk for capsular contracture (hardness of the breast caused by the formation of scar tissue around the implants)
3. More soft tissue coverage overlying the implant resulting in a lower risk and extent of visible rippling
4. Provides a better and more natural interface of the implant with the chest wall
5. Serves to provide better support of the implant long term as compared to above the muscle where the weight of the implant will cause greater stretching and thinning out of the skin over time as well as its descent on the chest wall

Implants above the muscle. Note the rippling, harsher contours, stretched areolas and unnaturalness of the result. (not my patient)

Implants behind the muscle. Note the more natural shape and smoother curves. This approach is recommended for most of my patients.

Except for some rare exceptions, most women are best served with the submuscular placement of their implants. As a result, this is my recommendation for virtually all of my patients.

If you would like additional information on a breast augmentation, breast lift, breast reconstruction or any cosmetic surgery procedure or to schedule a consultation, you can call my office at 480-451-3000.

Steven H. Turkeltaub, M.D. P.C.
Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona